Gas turbine combustion chamber ceramic

A gas turbine is an internal combustion engine of the rotating machine type that works with the energy of combustion gases. Gas turbines are mainly used in power plants, and helicopter engines, passenger aircraft engines, and warplane engines. A gas turbine consists of a compressor to compress air, a combustion chamber to mix air with fuel and ignite it, and a turbine to convert the internal energy of hot and compressed gases into mechanical energy. The combustion process takes place at almost a constant pressure and the combustion chamber of gas turbines uses a small percentage (approximately 10%) of the inlet air for combustion and most of the left inlet air is used for cooling and mixing. New combustion chambers use steam circulation for cooling. In recent years, the combustion chamber pressure has increased from 5 atmosphere to 50 atmosphere, and the inlet air temperature to the chamber has increased from 450 K to 900 K and the outlet air temperature has increased from 1100 K to 1850 K. Each turbine has two combustion chambers with an inner diameter of 2.3 m. In the construction of the combustion chamber, arched and grooved ceramics are used, which must be resistant to high temperature and pressure. Nowadays, the use of nanoparticles in the production of combustion chamber ceramics has been introduced as a method to increase heat and high pressure and thermal shock resistance.